peptide wiki

Thymalin

aka thymalinum

Immune Modulator

Mechanism

Thymalin is a heterogeneous polypeptide extract from calf thymus (a mixture, not a single defined peptide) developed in the 1970s by V. Kh. Khavinson and V. G. Morozov at the Military Medical Academy / St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology. Registered as a pharmaceutical in the USSR/Russia for immunocorrection. Distinct from Thymulin (Bach's zinc-dependent nonapeptide pGlu-Ala-Lys-Ser-Gln-Gly-Gly-Ser-Asn, originally called FTS) and from Thymosin alpha-1 (a 28-amino-acid synthetic peptide). Not FDA-approved in the US; research-use only.

Identification

Typical dose5-10 mg/day intramuscular or subcutaneous, for 10-20 consecutive days per cycle
Half-life~30 minutes (peptide components); biological effects persist 48-72 hours

Vendors selling Thymalin

VendorSizePriceListed purityTrust
Ion Peptide 10 mg $59.00 95
Peptide Tech 20 mg $39.99 94
Peptidology 10 mg $54.00 89
Peptide Plugs 20 mg $50.00 89
Qihang Peptide 87
Verified Peptides 10 mg $36.00 86
Peptidegurus 20 mg 84
Qing Li Peptide 63
Peptiatlas 51
Mandy 10 mg $49.00 43
HongDa Peptide $74.00 43
zztai Peptide Ltd 43
MJT peptides 10 mg $65.00 39
Strate Labs 20 mg $39.95
Atomik Labz 10 mg $65.00
Biotech Peptides 25 mg $114.00
Core Peptides 25 mg $138.00
Genetic Peptide 10 mg $60.00
Modern Research Peptides 10 mg $45.99
Paramount Peptides 20 mg $95.00
Peptide Crafters 10 mg $45.00
Peptira $59.00
Solution Peptides 10 mg $65.00
Soma Peptides 100 mg $152.00
Southern Aminos 10 mg $59.25

Research

Targeting Leukopoiesis: Pharmacological and Biotechnological Strategies for the Treatment of Leukopenia
Baktybayeva L, Kaldybayeva AB, Sokolenko A, Tursynova B, Ten AY, Daulet G, Svambayev E, Thevis M, Yu VK, Tassibekov KS. · Biomedicines (2026) · review

Leukopenia remains a major clinical challenge associated with infectious diseases, oncological therapies, autoimmune disorders, and metabolic and iatrogenic conditions.

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Rerouting therapeutic peptides and unlocking their potential against SARS-CoV2
Prashar N, Mohammed SB, Raja NS, Mohideen HS. · 3 Biotech (2025) · review

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the potential of peptide-based therapies as an alternative to traditional pharmaceutical treatments for SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. Our review explores the role of therapeutic peptides in modulating immune responses, inhibiting viral entry, and disrupting replication.

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Reparative osteogenesis in mandible in cases of filling a bone defect with hydroxyapatite-containing osteotropic material and injecting the surrounding soft tissues with thymalin: experimental and morphological study
Boiko AA, Malanchuk VA, Myroshnychenko MS. · Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960) (2024) ·

Objective Aim of the study was to identify the morphological features of reparative osteogenesis in the lower jaw bone of rats in cases of filling a bone defect with hydroxyapatite-containing osteotropic material (bone graft "Biomin GT") and injecting the surrounding soft tissues with thymalin.

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Expression features of T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes and macrophages in the post-traumatic regenerate of the mandible rats under conditions of filling a bone defect with hydroxyapatite-containing osteotropic material and thymalin injecting the surrounding soft tissues
Boiko AA, Malanchuk VA, Myroshnychenko MS, Markovska OV, Shapkin AS, Marakushyn DI. · Polski merkuriusz lekarski : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego (2024) · animal

Objective Aim: The purpose of the study was to determine the features of the expression of T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, macrophages in the post-traumatic regenerate of the mandible rats under conditions of filling a bone defect with hydroxyapatite-containing osteotropic material and thymalin injecting the surrounding…

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The Influence of KE and EW Dipeptides in the Composition of the Thymalin Drug on Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis Involved in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19
Linkova N, Khavinson V, Diatlova A, Petukhov M, Vladimirova E, Sukhareva M, Ilina A. · International journal of molecular sciences (2023) ·

Thymalin is an immunomodulatory drug containing a polypeptide extract of thymus that has demonstrated efficacy in the therapy of acute respiratory distress syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as in complex therapy related to severe COVID-19 in middle-aged and elderly patients..

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[Morphological compound and indicators of the blood clotting system in severe COVID-19 patients of middle aged and elderly during treatment of Tocilizumab and Thymalin.]
Kuznik BI, Shapovalov KG, Smolyakov YN, Lukyanov SA, Tereshkov PP, Kazantseva LS, Linkova NS. · Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii (2022) ·

The aim of the work was a comparative study of Tocilizumab and Thymalin effects on the morphological composition and indicators of the blood clotting system in COVID-19 of middle aged and elderly patients.

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Peptides Regulating Proliferative Activity and Inflammatory Pathways in the Monocyte/Macrophage THP-1 Cell Line
Avolio F, Martinotti S, Khavinson VK, Esposito JE, Giambuzzi G, Marino A, Mironova E, Pulcini R, Robuffo I, Bologna G, Simeone P, Lanuti P, Guarnieri S, Trofimova S, Procopio AD, T, et al. · International journal of molecular sciences (2022) ·

This study evaluates the effects of five different peptides, the Epitalon ® tetrapeptide, the Vilon ® dipeptide, the Thymogen ® dipeptide, the Thymalin ® peptide complex, and the Chonluten ® tripeptide, as regulators of inflammatory and proliferative processes in the human monocytic THP-1, which is a human leukemia mon…

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The Use of Thymalin for Immunocorrection and Molecular Aspects of Biological Activity
Khavinson V, Linkova N, Chalisova N, Ivko O. · Biology Bulletin Reviews (2021) ·
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Peptide Drug Thymalin Regulates Immune Status in Severe COVID-19 Older Patients
Kuznik B, Khavinson V, Shapovalov K, Linkova N, Lukyanov S, Smolyakov Y, Tereshkov P, Shapovalov Y, Konnov V, Tsybikov N. · Advances in Gerontology (2021) ·
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Results and Prospects of Using Activator of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation in Complex Therapy for Patients with COVID-19
Khavinson VK, Kuznik BI, Trofimova SV, Volchkov VA, Rukavishnikova SA, Titova ON, Akhmedov TA, Trofimov AV, Potemkin VV, Magen E. · Stem cell reviews and reports (2021) ·

The paper presents the results of a standard and complex treatment method using the peptide drug thymus thymalin in patients with COVID-19.

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Thymalin: Activation of Differentiation of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Khavinson VK, Linkova NS, Kvetnoy IM, Polyakova VO, Drobintseva AO, Kvetnaia TV, Ivko OM. · Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine (2020) ·

Thymalin is a polypeptide complex isolated from the thymus and regulating the functions of the immune system. Thymalin is effective in therapy of acute respiratory syndrome, chronic obstructive bronchitis, and other immunopathology.

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Peptides: Prospects for Use in the Treatment of COVID-19
Khavinson V, Linkova N, Dyatlova A, Kuznik B, Umnov R. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2020) · review

There is a vast practice of using antimalarial drugs, RAS inhibitors, serine protease inhibitors, inhibitors of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of the virus and immunosuppressants for the treatment of the severe form of COVID-19, which often occurs in patients with chronic diseases and older persons.

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