peptide wiki

GHK

aka Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine

Healing & Recovery

Mechanism

GHK is the parent tripeptide Gly-His-Lys, originally isolated from human plasma by Loren Pickart (1973) as an activity that caused aged hepatocytes to synthesize proteins like younger tissue. It is DISTINCT from GHK-Cu, the 1:1 copper(II) complex tracked as a separate entry — but GHK binds copper readily in vivo, so in physiological environments the bare peptide rapidly associates with available Cu(II). Not FDA-approved for any indication; used in cosmetic and research contexts only.

Identification

CAS number49557-75-7
Molecular formulaC14H24N6O4
SequenceGHK
Typical dose1-2 mg/day subcutaneous injection (research protocols)
Half-life~30-60 minutes

Vendors selling GHK

VendorSizePriceListed purityTrust
Glacier Aminos 2 mg $79.99 99
Glacier Aminos $39.99 99
BioLongevity Labs $199.97 96
BioLongevity Labs 50 mg $84.97 96
Reta One Labs $39.00 95
Reta One Labs 80 mg $79.00 95
Reta One Labs 70 mg $67.00 95
Licensed Peptides 100 mg $674.95 95
Licensed Peptides 50 mg $359.95 95
Hydro Research Peptides 100 mg $0.55 91
Skye Peptides 100 mg $59.00 90
Peptidology 61 mg $44.99 89
Peptide Plugs 60 mg $55.00 89
Sunrise Bioresearch 250 mg $116.31 88
Verified Peptides 100 mg $49.99 86
EZ Peptides 100 mg $53.00 85
EZ Peptides 50 mg $35.00 85
Simple Peptide 50 mg $65.00 85
Simple Peptide $140.00 85
Simple Peptide $115.00 85
Peptidegurus 50 mg 84
Ascension Peptides 50 mg $125.00 84
Ascension Peptides 50 mg $125.00 84
Ascension Peptides 100 mg $65.00 84
MedGe Peptides 50 mg $50.00 82
Texpeptide 100 mg $50.00 70
AMC Essentials 100 mg $54.99
AMC Essentials 35 mg $69.99
Alpha Omega 50 mg $65.00
Alpha Omega $140.00
Alpha Omega $115.00
Amino Sequence 50 mg $85.00
Atomik Labz 100 mg $66.00
Atomik Labz 100 mg $66.00
Atomik Labz 100 mg $55.00
Atomik Labz 100 mg $55.00
Biotech Peptides 200 mg $165.00
Biotech Peptides 50 mg $51.00
Biotech Peptides 200 mg $186.00
Biotech Peptides 50 mg $64.00
Bulk Peptides 100 mg $200.00
Bulk Peptides 50 mg $110.00
Core Peptides 200 mg $197.00
Core Peptides 200 mg $157.00
Core Peptides 50 mg $49.00
Core Peptides 50 mg $58.00
Genetic Peptide 50 mg $70.00
Genetic Peptide 100 mg $70.00
Genetic Peptide 2 mg $155.00
Kimera Chems $56.99
Modern Research Peptides 10 mg $59.99
Nextech Labs 100 mg $75.00
Oasis Labs 10 mg $104.50
Oasis Labs 10 mg $126.00
Oneday Compounds 80 mg $99.99
Oneday Compounds 70 mg $79.99
Paramount Peptides 50 mg $50.00
Paramount Peptides 100 mg $75.00
Peptide Crafters 100 mg $45.00
Pepvida Labs 100 mg $36.25
Polaris Peptides 50 mg $40.00
Polaris Peptides $30.00
S1 Research $26.00
Solution Peptides 100 mg $66.00
Solution Peptides 100 mg $66.00
Solution Peptides 100 mg $55.00
Solution Peptides 100 mg $55.00
Soma Peptides $89.00
Soma Peptides $129.00
Southern Aminos $56.25
True Peptide $100.00
Welli Labs $69.99

Research

Two-Part Study of the Effects of the X39 Patch on Circulating GHK and GHK-Cu Levels in Healthy Adults
· ClinicalTrials.gov (2027) · rct

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate GHK and GHK-Cu blood levels pre- and post-intervention in healthy adults, and to investigate the efficacy of X39 patch on GHK and GHK-Cu blood levels in healthy adults compared to a placebo.

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Redox-Responsive GHK-Conjugated Sponge Spicules for Sustained Dermal Delivery and Enhanced Collagen Synthesis
Hong WK, Huang PP, Duncan D, Marco R, Choi HS, Jo YW. · Micromachines (2026) ·

Sponge spicules have emerged as promising biomaterial scaffolds due to their biocompatibility and unique structural properties; however, achieving stable and bioactive functionalization remains a key challenge.

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Copper peptide activated cascade catalysis for glucose regulation and hypoxia reversing in infected diabetic wound healing
Huang ZJ, Huang RF, Jiao PP, Zheng S, Wang M, Teng FW, Chen T, Zhou ZS, Wang GH, Jiao GL. · Materials today. Bio (2026) ·

Starvation therapy has emerged as a promising strategy in diabetic wounds treating by regulating glucose level to deplete microbial nutrients without inducing antimicrobial resistance. However, this process consumes large amounts of oxygen, exacerbating wound hypoxia and compromising therapeutic efficacy.

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Middle-aged mice treated with GHK-Cu peptide administered intraperitoneally or intranasally show behavioral rescue but divergent hippocampal aging programs
· Research square (2026) · animal
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The GHK-Cu delays aging in Caenorhabditis elegans via coordinated regulation of mitochondrial function and activation of DAF-16/SKN-1 pathways
Wen H, Zhao K, Luo X, Pu J, Li Y, Dou Y, He J, Nie X, Ke Y, Zhou W. · Biogerontology (2026) · animal

Aging is a complex biological process characterized by progressive functional decline across tissues and increased susceptibility to age-related diseases, with oxidative stress being a key contributing factor.

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The Laccase-like Property of GHK-Cu and Its Applications in Colorimetric Sensing of Phenolic Compounds
Chen JS, Zhu H, Chai TQ, Yang FQ. · Biosensors (2026) ·

Laccase plays an important role in the detection and degradation of phenolic compounds, but it is limited by its cost and stability. In this study, the laccase-like property of copper peptide (GHK-Cu) has been revealed.

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Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2<sup>+</sup> (GHK-Cu) Attenuates CuSO<sub>4</sub> or LPS induced-inflammation in Zebrafish larvae model
Hu J, Zhang C, Wang F. · European journal of pharmacology (2026) · animal

Inflammation serves as a basic defense mechanism against both internal and external threats, while the unresolved or excessive inflammation can lead to irreversible tissue damage.

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Evaluating neurochemical changes and associated locomotor activity in a double hit schizophrenia model
· IBRO neuroscience reports (2026) ·
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Microenvironment-responsive injectable dynamic hydrogel for sequential antioxidant and tissue regeneration therapy of radiation-induced skin injury
Yu X, Yang T, Bei Z, Liu J, Song Y, Wang Q, Li J, Liang S, Qian Z. · Bioactive materials (2026) · in-vitro

Radiotherapy is essential for cancer treatment, yet radiation-induced skin injury (RISI) remains a major clinical challenge due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, metabolic dysregulation, and the limited efficacy of single-modality therapies in modulating the oxidative-inflammatory microenvironment.

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Carbonless amino acids and a carbonless GHK peptide
Skurski P, Anusiewicz I. · Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP (2026) ·

Carbonless biomolecular design, in which carbon atoms are systematically replaced by boron and nitrogen under an isoelectronicity constraint, offers a route to carbon free analogues that retain the structural logic of familiar biochemistry.

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Mechanism of Fluid Reabsorption in Kidney Proximal Tubule: Interplay Between Lateral Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase and AQP1 and SGLT1 Mediated Water Fluxes
Larsen EH, Sørensen JN. · Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) (2026) · animal

Aims The mechanism of isosmotic water reabsorption in the kidney proximal tubule, with a focus on the interaction between the lateral Na + /K + -ATPase, apical water pathways mediated by AQP1 and SGLT1, and paracellular water flow through Claudin-2.

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Optimization of panoramic radiographic dose for third molar dental age assessment
Lisboa CPR, Franco A, Oenning ACC, Rangel-Coelho JP, do Carmo Nascimento M, Junqueira JLC, Quirino Silveira Soares M. · International journal of legal medicine (2026) ·

This study aimed to assess the influence of reduced exposure parameters on the reproducibility of two radiographic dental age assessment methods in panoramic radiographs: the staging system (GHK) proposed by Gleiser and Hunt (1955) modified by Köhler et al. (1994) and the metric method by Cameriere et al. (2008) (I3M).

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Evaluating neurochemical changes and associated locomotor activity in a double hit schizophrenia model
Shangase KB, Luvuno M, Mabandla M. · IBRO neuroscience reports (2026) ·

Our double hit model is more robust in inducing behavioural and molecular changes involved in the negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia when compared to each single hit model.

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Topical GHK-Cu Gel for Acute Skin Wound Healing
· ClinicalTrials.gov (2026) · rct

This study will evaluate whether a topical gel containing GHK-Cu (a copper(II)-peptide complex) can safely speed up healing of small, standardized skin wounds in healthy adults compared with a matching vehicle gel.

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Sirius in Gynaecological Laparoscopic Surgery
· ClinicalTrials.gov (2023) · rct

Precision Robotics' Sirius Robotic Flexible Endoscopic System is a new fully integrated compact 3D laparoscopic camera system with a disposable single-use flexible tip that can change its viewing direction.

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Generation Healthy Kids: A Cluster-randomized Trial of a Multi-component, Multi-setting Intervention
· ClinicalTrials.gov (2023) · rct

The GHK intervention was developed according to the United Kingdom Medical Research Council's framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions. A pilot- and feasibility study was conducted during December 2022-April 2023, and the intervention was subsequently adapted and adjusted.

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Trial Assessing the Impact on Facial Skin Quality, Hydration, and Skin Barrier of Three (3) Hydrafacial Treatments in Adults of All Skin Types.
· ClinicalTrials.gov (2023) · rct

This is a phase IV, unblinded, open-label study assessing the impact on skin quality, hydration, and barrier of three (3) Hydrafacial treatments in healthy adults of Fitzpatrick Skin Types I \& II, III, IV, V \& VI, 30 to 55 years of age.

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