peptide wiki

AOD-9604

aka Anti-Obesity Drug 9604

GLP-1 / Metabolic

Mechanism

AOD-9604 is a 16-amino-acid synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal fragment of human growth hormone (residues 177-191) with an additional N-terminal tyrosine. Developed by Metabolic Pharmaceuticals (Australia) to isolate a purported 'lipolytic' activity of GH without GH-receptor-mediated growth or diabetogenic effects. AOD-9604 is NOT FDA-approved for any indication; controlled human trials for obesity did not demonstrate clinically meaningful weight loss, and obesity development was terminated in 2007.

Identification

CAS number221231-10-3
Molecular formulaC78H123N23O23S2
SequenceYLRIVQCRSVEGSCGF
Typical dose250–500 mcg/day subcutaneous (research use)
Half-life~2–3 hours (human); ~3–4 minutes (rat IV, per pharmacokinetic studies)

Vendors selling AOD-9604

VendorSizePriceListed purityTrust
Glacier Aminos 10 mg $92.99 99
Moglabs 5 mg $34.00 96
Moglabs 5 mg $36.00 96
Crush Research 5 mg $49.67 95
Orbitrex Peptides 5 mg $54.99 95
Profound Aminos 5 mg $49.00 95
Prime Peptides 5 mg $50.00 95
Peptide Tech 5 mg $42.99 94
Mile High Compounds $59.99 94
Amino Club $49.99 93
Riptide Wellness $45.99 92
Hydro Research Peptides 5 mg $3.50 91
Hydro Research Peptides 5 mg $0.40 91
Skye Peptides 6 mg $59.00 90
Peptidology 5 mg $44.99 89
Peptidology 7 mg $44.99 89
Peptidology 10 mg $44.99 89
Peptide Plugs 5 mg $50.00 89
Qihang Peptide 87
Verified Peptides 5 mg $49.00 86
EZ Peptides 5 mg $53.00 85
EZ Peptides 2 mg $38.00 85
Simple Peptide 10 mg $80.00 85
Simple Peptide 5 mg $45.00 85
Peptidegurus 2 mg 84
Peptidegurus 6 mg 84
Ascension Peptides 5 mg $55.00 84
Reta Peptide 83
Cocer Peptides 5 mg $140.00 82
Cocer Peptides 5 mg $140.00 82
Blank Peptides 5 mg $65.00 81
OROS Research 79
Texpeptide 5 mg $45.00 70
Crystal Peptides 5 mg $49.95 66
Qing Li Peptide 63
Certified Peptides 5 mg $60.00 62
Nox Amino 5 mg $65.00 55
Peptiatlas 51
Taishijie 51
Taikangbio 50
MEI-PEPETIDE 2 mg $51.00 48
DongCheng Peptide 46
Mandy 5 mg $74.00 43
HongDa Peptide $57.00 43
zztai Peptide Ltd 43
MJT peptides 2 mg $57.00 39
Cernum Biosciences 2 mg $39.99
Cernum Biosciences 5 mg $39.99
Cernum Biosciences 10 mg $79.99
NG Peptide 5 mg $35.00
Alpha Omega 5 mg $45.00
Arcane Peptides 5 mg $40.00
Atomik Labz 5 mg $39.00
Biotech Peptides 5 mg $44.00
Core Peptides 5 mg $41.00
Felix Chemical Supply 5 mg $59.99
Flawless Compounds
Kimera Chems $46.99
Lumi Peptides $40.00
Nextech Labs 5 mg $40.00
Nova Peptides 5 mg $49.99
Oasis Labs 5 mg $54.50
Oneday Compounds 5 mg $54.99
Paramount Peptides 6 mg $75.00
Peptide Crafters 10 mg $80.00
Peptira $49.00
Pepvida Labs 5 mg $39.00
Polaris Peptides 2 mg $40.00
Solution Peptides 5 mg $39.00
Soma Peptides 10 mg $89.00
Southern Aminos 5 mg $44.25
True Peptide 5 mg $35.00
Welli Labs $39.99

Research

Safety and Efficacy of Approved and Unapproved Peptide Therapies for Musculoskeletal Injuries and Athletic Performance
Mendias CL, Awan TM. · Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) (2026) · review

Peptides are short chains of amino acids with a unique pharmacological niche between small-molecule drugs and large proteins. Their use in sports medicine is rapidly expanding, driven by patient demand for accelerated injury recovery and performance enhancement.

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Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions
Rahman OF, Lee SJ, Seeds WA. · Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews (2026) · review

Therapeutic peptides are emerging as promising adjuncts in the management of orthopaedic injuries, grounded in their ability to modulate molecular signaling networks central to cellular medicine.

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Annual Banned-Substance Review 18th Edition-Analytical Approaches in Human Sports Drug Testing 2024/2025
Thevis M, Kuuranne T, Geyer H. · Drug testing and analysis (2026) · review

Alongside the considerable advances and accomplishments in drug research and development, the breadth of anti-doping research topics has also continued to grow.

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Illegal and falsified medicines self-administrated in not approved post-cycle therapy after the cessation of anabolic-androgenic steroids - qualitative analysis
Blazewicz A, Poplawska M, Daniszewska B, Piorunska K, Karynski M. · Frontiers in chemistry (2025) ·

Background The term post-cycle therapy (PCT) often appears in bodybuilding forums in the context of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) cessation. To reduce the negative impact of AAS on the hormonal system, unapproved PCT is used, which consist of medications that help restore hormonal balance.

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Human sports drug testing by mass spectrometry
Schänzer W, Thevis M. · Mass spectrometry reviews (2017) · review

Since the installation of anti-doping rules and regulations and their international enforcement in the mid-1960s, mass spectrometry has been an integral part of doping control procedures.

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Simplifying and expanding the screening for peptides <2 kDa by direct urine injection, liquid chromatography, and ion mobility mass spectrometry
Thomas A, Görgens C, Guddat S, Thieme D, Dellanna F, Schänzer W, Thevis M. · Journal of separation science (2016) ·

The analysis of low-molecular-mass peptides in doping controls has become a mandatory aspect in sports drug testing and, thus, the number of samples that has to be tested for these analytes has been steadily increasing.

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Effect of Intra-articular Injection of AOD9604 with or without Hyaluronic Acid in Rabbit Osteoarthritis Model
Kwon DR, Park GY. · Annals of clinical and laboratory science (2015) · animal

Background To investigate the effects of AOD9604 intra-articular injections with or without hyaluronic acid (HA) in a collagenase-induced knee osteoarthritis (OA) rabbit model. Design Mature New Zealand white rabbits (n=32) were randomly administered 2 mg collagenase type II twice in each knee joint.

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Detection and in vitro metabolism of AOD9604
Cox HD, Smeal SJ, Hughes CM, Cox JE, Eichner D. · Drug testing and analysis (2015) ·

AOD9604 is a peptide consisting of the C-terminal fragment of human growth hormone from amino acids 177-191 with an additional tyrosine residue at the N-terminus of the peptide. It is reported to mimic the lipolytic properties of growth hormone without the diabetogenic side effects.

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Identification and characterization of peptide drugs in unknown pharmaceutical preparations seized by the Belgian authorities: case report on AOD9604
Vanhee C, Moens G, Deconinck E, De Beer JO. · Drug testing and analysis (2014) ·
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Detecting peptidic drugs, drug candidates and analogs in sports doping: current status and future directions
Thevis M, Thomas A, Schänzer W. · Expert review of proteomics (2014) ·

With the growing availability of mature systems and strategies in biotechnology and the continuously expanding knowledge of cellular processes and involved biomolecules, human sports drug testing has become a considerably complex field in the arena of analytical chemistry.

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AOD-9604 does not influence the WADA hGH isoform immunoassay
Orlovius AK, Thomas A, Schänzer W, Thevis M. · Drug testing and analysis (2013) ·
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AOD-9604 Metabolic
Wilding J. · Current opinion in investigational drugs (London, England : 2000) (2004) · review

Metabolic is developing AOD-9604 for the potential treatment of obesity. By February 2002, phase IIa trials were underway.

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Increase of fat oxidation and weight loss in obese mice caused by chronic treatment with human growth hormone or a modified C-terminal fragment.
Heffernan MA, et al. · Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord (2001) · animal · evidence C

Obese-mouse study: AOD-9604 (a GH fragment) increased fat oxidation and weight loss. Note: AOD-9604's subsequent human obesity trials did not demonstrate significant weight loss.

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Metabolic studies of a synthetic lipolytic domain (AOD9604) of human growth hormone.
Ng FM, et al. · Horm Res (2000) · in-vitro · evidence D

Mechanistic study of the synthetic lipolytic domain of human growth hormone (AOD-9604). Biochemical/in-vitro; no demonstrated human efficacy.

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