LL-37
aka Cathelicidin
Mechanism
LL-37 is the only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide — a 37-amino-acid peptide (starting with two leucines) cleaved from the hCAP-18 precursor. It has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and immunomodulatory roles, but is also implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory skin diseases including psoriasis, rosacea, and lupus. Not FDA-approved; research-use only.
Identification
| CAS number | 154947-66-7 |
|---|---|
| Molecular formula | C205H340N60O53 |
| Sequence | LLGDFFRKSKEKIGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTES |
| Typical dose | 100–400 mcg/day subcutaneous |
| Half-life | ~4–6 hours (tissue-dependent; limited formal PK data for native LL-37) |
Vendors selling LL-37
| Vendor | Size | Price | Listed purity | Trust |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BioLongevity Labs | 5 mg | $94.97 | — | 96 |
| Orbitrex Peptides | 5 mg | $49.99 | — | 95 |
| Ion Peptide | 5 mg | $45.00 | — | 95 |
| Peptide Tech | 10 mg | $49.99 | — | 94 |
| Mile High Compounds | — | $39.99 | — | 94 |
| Skye Peptides | 5 mg | $74.00 | — | 90 |
| Peptidology | 5 mg | $45.00 | — | 89 |
| Qihang Peptide | — | — | — | 87 |
| Verified Peptides | 5 mg | $65.70 | — | 86 |
| EZ Peptides | 10 mg | $78.00 | — | 85 |
| Simple Peptide | 5 mg | $45.00 | — | 85 |
| Simple Peptide | 10 mg | $45.00 | — | 85 |
| Peptidegurus | 5 mg | — | — | 84 |
| Ascension Peptides | 10 mg | $89.00 | — | 84 |
| Reta Peptide | — | — | — | 83 |
| MedGe Peptides | 5 mg | $75.00 | — | 82 |
| Texpeptide | 5 mg | $40.00 | — | 70 |
| Qing Li Peptide | — | — | — | 63 |
| Certified Peptides | 5 mg | $89.00 | — | 62 |
| Peptiatlas | — | — | — | 51 |
| DongCheng Peptide | — | — | — | 46 |
| Mandy | 5 mg | $74.00 | — | 43 |
| HongDa Peptide | — | $109.00 | — | 43 |
| zztai Peptide Ltd | — | — | — | 43 |
| MJT peptides | 5 mg | $100.00 | — | 39 |
| AMC Essentials | 5 mg | $127.99 | — | — |
| AMC Essentials | 5 mg | $42.99 | — | — |
| Alpha Omega | 5 mg | $45.00 | — | — |
| Alpha Omega | 10 mg | $45.00 | — | — |
| Atomik Labz | 5 mg | $77.00 | — | — |
| Biotech Peptides | 5 mg | $86.00 | — | — |
| Core Peptides | 5 mg | $89.00 | — | — |
| Flawless Compounds | — | — | — | — |
| Genetic Peptide | 5 mg | $100.00 | — | — |
| Genetic Peptide | 10 mg | $100.00 | — | — |
| Kimera Chems | — | $46.99 | — | — |
| Modern Research Peptides | 5 mg | $37.99 | — | — |
| Oasis Labs | 10 mg | $65.00 | — | — |
| Paramount Peptides | 10 mg | $100.00 | — | — |
| Paramount Peptides | 5 mg | $125.00 | — | — |
| Paramount Peptides | 5 mg | $75.00 | — | — |
| Peptide Crafters | 5 mg | $50.00 | — | — |
| Peptira | — | $39.00 | — | — |
| Platinum Lion | 10 mg | $39.99 | — | — |
| Platinum Lion | 5 mg | $39.99 | — | — |
| Polaris Peptides | 10 mg | $125.00 | — | — |
| Solution Peptides | 5 mg | $77.00 | — | — |
| Soma Peptides | 5 mg | $83.00 | — | — |
| Southern Aminos | 5 mg | $59.25 | — | — |
| True Peptide | 5 mg | $40.00 | — | — |
Research
Human cathelicidin peptide LL-37 is encoded by the CAMP gene and plays a key role in innate immunity. It maintains intestinal homeostasis through antibacterial, immunomodulation, and tissue repair functions.
source →BACKGROUND: During airway inflammation, chemokines, oxylipins (bioactive lipids) and cationic host defence peptides (CHDP) are enhanced in the lungs. However, the interplay of these molecules in the process of airway inflammation is not fully resolved.
source →Gingival recession exposes the roots, leads to dentin hypersensitivity, and heightens the progression of periodontitis, and poses a threat to oral health and appearance. Conventional treatment uses autogenous palatal grafts, requiring a second surgical site and adding patient discomfort.
source →Physiologically produced circulating β-amyloid (Aβ) exerts critical physiological functions. Although Aβ is a key player in Alzheimer's disease (AD), it may initially be beneficial at the onset of infection.
source →This study aimed to determine the serum levels of the LL-37 molecule, associated with the pathophysiology of Brucellosis, in patients diagnosed with Brucellosis and to investigate the relationship between these levels and the clinical course of the disease.
source →Abstract Birth control and sexually transmitted infections are global concerns. Nonoxynol-9 (N-9) is the most commonly used component in spermicides, with controversial safety and efficacy. LL-37 has been considered the most promising antimicrobial peptide for developing spermicides.
source →Cancer cell migration is a key step in the metastatic cascade. Understanding its mechanisms represents one of the greatest challenges in modern oncology. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental models and mathematical descriptions of movement dynamics are used to study this complex phenomenon.
source →Background Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by flushing, erythema, papules/pustules, and telangiectasia. Several clinical studies have investigated the efficacy of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) in the treatment of rosacea, but its mechanism of action remains unclear.
source →Background ApoB (apolipoprotein B)-containing lipoproteins are causal risk factors for atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD).
source →Wound healing and tissue regeneration are essential for maintaining skin integrity in the face of mechanical, chemical, or thermal damage. In adult mammals, the wound healing process may include complications leading to chronic wounds and hypertrophic scars.
source →The double cooperative effect between two major antimicrobial peptides, LL-37 and HNP1, where their combination enhances antimicrobial efficiency while reducing cytotoxicity, offers a promising strategy for developing safer and more effective antibiotics against antimicrobial resistance.
source →There is a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the critically ill patient population, with approximately 60% of patients found to be vitamin D deficient, (25(OH)D concentrations \<20 ng/mL) and an additional 30% of patients being vitamin D insufficient, (25(OH)D = 20-30 ng/mL).Approximately 80% of sepsis/septic…
source →Periodontitis is considered an inflammatory disease that results in the disruption of oral hemeostasis and is associated with the presence of dental plaque influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
source →This research aims to explore the influence of vitamin D on the body's defense system by examining its impact on specific proteins involved in immune response and inflammation in the soft tissues surrounding dental implants.
source →Atopic dermatitis, also called eczema, is a disease with dry, scaly, itchy skin. Those with atopic dermatitis may have complications from skin infections such as eczema herpeticum after herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection.
source →The purpose of this study is to evaluate vitamin D (VD) deficiency in the population of Chilean Antarctica and evaluate the efficacy and safety of VD supplementation to decrease VD deficiency and favorably influence biomarkers for bone, cardiovascular, and immune health risk in the inhabitants of Chilean Antarctica.
source →This study is the first administration of GSK2793660 to humans and will evaluate the safety, tolerability, PK and PD of single oral ascending doses of GSK2793660, and of repeat oral doses of GSK2793660 in healthy subjects. The study will comprise two parts (Part A and Part B).
source →Sepsis in a clinical entity that occurs in patients with serious infections. Though the severity of illness may vary, every year, approximately 1.6 million Americans are treated for sepsis. Even with timely interventions, anywhere from 16% to \>80% of patients with sepsis will not survive.
source →Cathelicidins are small proteins in the human body that protect against infection. The purpose of this study is to determine if the amount of cathelicidins and other small proteins found in saliva can predict the amount of these in the skin of people who have acute atopic dermatitis (AD) or psoriasis.
source →